The protein encoded by the HNF4 gene is a nuclear transcription factor which binds DNA as a homodimer. The encoded protein controls the expression of several genes, including hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 alpha, a transcription factor which regulates the expression of several hepatic genes. This gene may play a role in development of the liver, kidney, and intestines. Mutations in this gene have been associated with monogenic autosomal dominant non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus type I. At

Plexin B1 is the transmembrane receptor for the class 4 semaphorin, SEMA4D. Plexin B1 activation plays a role in axon guidance, invasive growth and cell migration and has been reported to have additional roles in RHOA activation and subsequent changes of the actin cytoskeleton.

The genus Salmonella is a member of the family Enterobacteriaceae. The genus is composed of Gram negative bacilli that are facultative and flagellated (motile). Salmonellae possess 3 major surface antigens; the H or flagellar antigen (phase 1 and 2), the O or somatic antigen (part of the LPS moiety) and the Vi or capsular antigen (referred to as K in other Enterobacteriaceae). Salmonellae also possess the LPS endotoxin characteristic of Gram negative bacteria. This LPS is composed of an O po

The low affinity NGFR (Nerve growth factor receptor) is a 75kDa membrane-spanning glycoprotein lacking intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity. p75NGFR interacts with TrkA, the high affinity NGF receptor and potentiates TrkA signaling at low NGF concentrations. The p75 receptor binds nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, neurotrophin-3 and neurotrophin-4 with varying specificities. The p75NGFR plays an important role in neurotrophic factor signaling and has been shown to modulat

Human erythropoietin is member of the EPO/TPO family and encodes a secreted, glycosylated cytokine hormone composed of four alpha helical bundles. The protein is found in the plasma and regulates red cell production by promoting erythroid differentiation and initiating hemoglobin synthesis. This protein also has neuroprotective activity against a variety of potential brain injuries and antiapoptotic functions in several tissue types. It is produced by kidney or liver of adult mammals and b

High Mobility Group Box-1 (HMGB1) is a cytokine implicated in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other inflammatory diseases. The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway, a vagus nerve dependent mechanism, inhibits HMGB1 release in experimental disease models