GCN2 belongs to a family of kinases that phosphorylate the alpha subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 to downregulate protein synthesis in response to varied cellular stresses.

The complement factor C3 consists of an alpha and a beta chain. C3 is a central factor in the complement cascade. It is central to the alternative pathway that leads to the C3 convertase C3bBb. The classical mannose binding lectin activation pathway leads to the C3 convertase C4b2a. These convertases cleave C3 resulting in C3a and C3b. Further degradation leads to the formation of the alpha chain products C3d, C3g and C3c. C3 is an acute phase protein that is produced by a wide range of tiss

The complement factor C3 consists of an alpha and a beta chain. C3 is a central factor in the complement cascade. It is central to the alternative pathway that leads to the C3 convertase C3bBb. The classical mannose binding lectin activation pathway leads to the C3 convertase C4b2a. These convertases cleave C3 resulting in C3a and C3b. Further degradation leads to the formation of the alpha chain products C3d, C3g and C3c. C3 is an acute phase protein that is produced by a wide range of tiss

Prostaglandins are produced by the metabolism of arachidonic acid. Prostaglandin E2 is one of the five physiologically significant prostanoids known. Its wide spectrum of physiologic and pharmacologic effects in various tissues is mediated through binding to the Prostaglandin E2 receptors (EP1, EP2, EP3 & EP4). These include effects on the immune, endocrine, cardiovascular, renal and reproductive systems as well as smooth muscle. It is also one of the most abundant of the prostanoid f

Acts as a component of the essential kinetochore-associated NDC80 complex, which is required for chromosome segregation and spindle checkpoint activity. Required for kinetochore integrity and the organization of stable microtubule binding sites in the outer plate of the kinetochore.

SLC10A2 plays a critical role in reabsorption of bile acids from the the small intestine lumen. Passive flow of sodium ions down their concentration gradient is coupled to bile acid movement, resulting in an increase in the concentration of bile acids in the interior of the cell. This action conserves the body's pool of re-circulating bile acid. SLC10A2 also plays a key role in cholesterol metabolism as cholesterol is the precursor molecule in bile acid synthesis mediated by CYP7A and FXR.